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Understanding Greenhouse Gas Accounting in the UK: Emission Factors and Their Publication

Updated: Jun 6

Written by: Energy Guardians

Last Updated: May 26, 2025


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In the UK's journey towards a sustainable future, accurately measuring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is paramount. This process, known as GHG accounting, enables organisations to quantify their environmental impact and implement strategies to reduce it. Central to this process are emission factors, which convert various activity data into equivalent carbon dioxide emissions.


What Are Emission Factors?

Emission factors are coefficients that estimate the emissions associated with a specific activity. For instance, they can convert litres of petrol consumed into kilograms of CO₂ emitted. These factors are essential for organisations to report their emissions consistently and transparently.


How Are Emission Factors Derived?

The UK government, primarily through the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ), publishes annual conversion factors for GHG reporting. These factors are developed in collaboration with experts and are based on the latest scientific research and data.

The derivation process involves:

  • Data Collection: Gathering extensive data on fuel properties, energy consumption, and industrial processes.

  • Analysis: Assessing the carbon content and combustion efficiency of various fuels and activities.

  • Standardisation: Ensuring the factors align with international reporting standards, such as those set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Each year's publication is accompanied by a detailed methodology paper, explaining the calculations and any changes from previous years. (assets.publishing.service.gov.uk)


When Are Emission Factors Published?

The UK government releases updated GHG conversion factors annually. While there is no fixed release date, they are typically published in the first half of June. For example:

These publications are available on the UK Government's official website, providing both condensed and full sets of data to cater to various user needs.


Why Are Emission Factors Important?

Accurate emission factors are crucial for:

  • Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring organisations meet reporting requirements under schemes like the Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR).

  • Benchmarking: Allowing companies to compare their emissions against industry standards.

  • Strategic Planning: Informing decisions on energy use, sustainability initiatives, and carbon reduction strategies.


Need Support with GHG Accounting?

If your organisation is looking for bespoke GHG accounting services or tailored support to navigate the complexities of emissions reporting, Energy Guardians Limited is here to help. Our team of experts can guide you through the process, ensuring your carbon reporting is accurate, compliant, and aligned with your sustainability goals. Contact us at Energyguardiansltd@gmail.com or visit our website: www.energyguardiansltd.com to learn more.


Staying Updated

Given the annual updates and potential methodological changes, it is essential for organisations to:

  • Regularly Check for Updates: Monitor the official publication page for the latest factors.

  • Review Methodology Papers: Understand any changes in calculations or data sources.

  • Adjust Reporting Practices: Ensure internal systems and reports reflect the most recent factors.

 
 
 
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